Skip to main content

PL/SQL Package

In PL/SQL, a package is a schema object that groups logically related PL/SQL types, variables, constants, subprograms, cursors, and exceptions.

It provides a way to encapsulate and organize code for easier maintenance and reuse.

Packages offer several benefits, including encapsulation, information hiding, modularity, and improved performance due to reduced parsing overhead.

They are widely used in PL/SQL development for building modular and maintainable applications.


CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE package_name AS

  -- Declarations of types, constants, variables, cursors, exceptions, etc.

  -- These declarations are visible to the outside world (public).

 

  PROCEDURE procedure_name(param1 IN datatype1, param2 OUT datatype2);

  FUNCTION function_name(param IN datatype) RETURN datatype;

 

END package_name;

/

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY package_name AS

  -- Definitions of procedures, functions, and other executable code.

  -- These definitions are hidden from the outside world (private).

 

  PROCEDURE procedure_name(param1 IN datatype1, param2 OUT datatype2) IS

  BEGIN

    -- Implementation of the procedure

  END procedure_name;

 

  FUNCTION function_name(param IN datatype) RETURN datatype IS

  BEGIN

    -- Implementation of the function

  END function_name;

 

END package_name;

/


We create a package named rectangle_pkg.

Inside the package specification, we declare a constant pi and two procedures calculate_area and calculate_perimeter.

These are visible to the outside world.

calculate_area procedure calculates the area of a rectangle given its length and width.

calculate_perimeter procedure calculates the perimeter of a rectangle given its length and width.

In the package body, we define the implementation of the procedures.

Both procedures take input parameters length and width and return the calculated area or perimeter through the OUT parameter.

The package encapsulates the logic related to rectangle calculations, providing a modular and reusable solution.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Performance Optimization

Performance optimization in SQL is crucial for ensuring that your database queries run efficiently, especially as the size and complexity of your data grow. Here are several strategies and techniques to optimize SQL performance: Indexing Create Indexes : Primary Key and Unique Indexes : These are automatically indexed. Ensure that your tables have primary keys and unique constraints where applicable. Foreign Keys : Index foreign key columns to speed up join operations. Composite Indexes : Use these when queries filter on multiple columns. The order of columns in the index should match the order in the query conditions. Avoid Over-Indexing:  Too many indexes can slow down write operations (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE). Only index columns that are frequently used in WHERE clauses, JOIN conditions, and as sorting keys. Query Optimization Use SELECT Statements Efficiently : SELECT Only Necessary Columns : Avoid using SELECT * ; specify only ...
Post a Comment
Read more

DAX UPPER Function

The DAX UPPER function in Power BI is used to convert all characters in a text string to uppercase. This function is useful for standardizing text data, ensuring consistency in text values, and performing case-insensitive comparisons. Syntax: UPPER(<text>) <text>: The text string that you want to convert to uppercase. Purpose: The UPPER function helps ensure that text data is consistently formatted in uppercase. This can be essential for tasks like data cleaning, preparing text for comparisons, and ensuring uniformity in text-based fields. E xample: Suppose you have a table named "Customers" with a column "Name" that contains names in mixed case. You want to create a new column that shows all names in uppercase. UppercaseName = UPPER(Customers[Name]) Example Scenario: Assume you have the following "Customers" table: You can use the UPPER function as follows: Using the UPPER function, you can convert all names to uppercase: UppercaseName = ...
Post a Comment
Read more

TechUplift: Elevating Your Expertise in Every Click

  Unlock the potential of data with SQL Fundamental: Master querying, managing, and manipulating databases effortlessly. Empower your database mastery with PL/SQL: Unleash the full potential of Oracle databases through advanced programming and optimization. Unlock the Potential of Programming for Innovation and Efficiency.  Transform raw data into actionable insights effortlessly. Empower Your Data Strategy with Power Dataware: Unleash the Potential of Data for Strategic Insights and Decision Making.
Post a Comment
Read more